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Quiz Chapter 9: Nutrition and the Human Digestive System

10 questions ยท Form 4 Biology Bab 9: Nutrition and the Human Digestive System

Question 1 of 10Score: 0

Which end product of lipid digestion enters the lymphatic system after passing through epithelial cells of the villus?

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. Which end product of lipid digestion enters the lymphatic system after passing through epithelial cells of the villus?

  1. A. Glucose droplets
  2. B. Chylomicrons / Recombined lipid droplets
  3. C. Polypeptide chains
  4. D. Soluble starch
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Answer: B

Fatty acids and glycerol recombine inside villus epithelial cells into microscopic lipid droplets (chylomicrons) that enter lacteals.

2. Which of the following describes physical digestion?

  1. A. Hydrolysis of starch into maltose by salivary amylase
  2. B. Emulsification of large fat globules into tiny droplets by bile salts
  3. C. Breakdown of polypeptides into peptides by trypsin
  4. D. Conversion of maltose into glucose by maltase
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Answer: B

Emulsification by bile breaks large fat drops into smaller droplets without altering their chemical bonds, which is a physical digestion process.

3. How are water-soluble nutrients such as glucose and amino acids transported from the small intestine to the liver?

  1. A. Via lacteals into the thoracic duct
  2. B. Via blood capillaries into the hepatic portal vein
  3. C. Via lymphatic vessels into the subclavian vein
  4. D. Via pulmonary arteries directly to the heart
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Answer: B

Water-soluble nutrients absorb into capillaries of villi and travel directly to the liver through the hepatic portal vein.

4. What process occurs in the liver when there is an excess of amino acids in the blood supply?

  1. A. Deamination to convert amino groups into urea
  2. B. Glycogenolysis to yield excess glucose
  3. C. Emulsification into lipid drops
  4. D. Synthesis of digestive amylase
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Answer: A

Excess amino acids cannot be stored in the body; the liver removes their amino groups via deamination and converts them into urea.

5. A patient experiences pain in the stomach lining due to erosion caused by excessive hydrochloric acid secretion. What condition does this describe?

  1. A. Appendicitis
  2. B. Gastritis
  3. C. Anorexia nervosa
  4. D. Bulimia nervosa
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Answer: B

Gastritis is inflammation and irritation of the stomach mucosal lining, often aggravated by irregular meals or excess acid.

6. Which hormone causes the liver to convert excess blood glucose into glycogen during assimilation?

  1. A. Glucagon
  2. B. Insulin
  3. C. Adrenaline
  4. D. Thyroxine
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Answer: B

Insulin secreted by the pancreas stimulates liver cells to convert glucose into stored glycogen.

7. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and fatty acids are absorbed into which specific vessel inside a villus?

  1. A. Blood capillary
  2. B. Lacteal
  3. C. Hepatic artery
  4. D. Venule
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Answer: B

Fat-soluble substances enter the central lymphatic vessel of the villus, known as the lacteal.

8. What is the primary site for the final chemical digestion of disaccharides into monosaccharides in humans?

  1. A. Mouth
  2. B. Stomach
  3. C. Ileum (Small Intestine)
  4. D. Colon
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Answer: C

Enzymes embedded in the microvilli membrane of the ileum (maltase, sucrase, lactase) complete carbohydrate digestion into monosaccharides.

9. What is the optimal pH environment for the enzyme pepsin in the human stomach?

  1. A. pH 1.5 - 2.0
  2. B. pH 6.5 - 7.5
  3. C. pH 8.0 - 8.5
  4. D. pH 11.0 - 12.0
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Answer: A

Pepsin operates in a highly acidic environment (pH 1.5 to 2.0) provided by hydrochloric acid in gastric juice.

10. What is the primary function of the colon (large intestine) in human nutrition?

  1. A. Complete chemical digestion of lipids
  2. B. Reabsorption of water and mineral salts from undigested waste
  3. C. Secretion of trypsin and lipase
  4. D. Absorption of amino acids into lacteals
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Answer: B

The colon absorbs remaining water and dissolved minerals from indigestible remnants to form solid feces.

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